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AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)for secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 10 patients(15 eyes)with secondary high intraocular pressure(IOP)after vitrectomy treated with GATT in Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu First People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2022. The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), IOP, number of IOP-lowering drugs, and complications before operation and at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation were recorded, and the surgical success rate was analyzed.RESULTS:There was no difference in BCVA before and 6mo after operation(Z=0, P=1). The mean IOP decreased from 28.33±9.48mmHg to 17.47±3.78(1d), 18.8±3.29(1wk), 19.13±3.62(1mo), 20.31±3.66(3mo)and 18.03±3.23mmHg(6mo; all P<0.05). The average medication used before surgery was 2(2, 4), and the average medication used 6mo after surgery was 1(0, 2), which was significantly decreased(P<0.001). The total success rate of surgery at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after surgery was 87%(13 eyes), 93%(14 eyes), 87%(13 eyes), 73%(11 eyes)and 93%(14 eyes)respectively. The main postoperative complications were transient hyphema(10 eyes, 67%)and transient elevated IOP(5 eyes, 33%). No complications seriously affecting the vision occurred.CONCLUSION: GATT is safe and effective in the treatment of secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.
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Sirolimus self-microemulsion-mesoporous silicon sustained release tablets were prepared in order to improve the dissolution of the insoluble drug sirolimus and reduce its side effects. Firstly, sirolimus self-microemulsion was prepared and cured with mesoporous silicon. Secondly, the suitable excipients were selected according to the appearance, hardness and in vitro release rate. The sustained-release tablets with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as skeleton material were prepared by powder direct pressing method, and the formulation was optimized by central composite design-response surface method to investigate the drug release in vitro. Finally, the pharmacokinetics was carried out in beagle dogs using the commercial sirolimus tablets as references. The final formulation of sustained-release tablets is as follows: 162 mg of sirolimus self-microemulsion-mesoporous silica (1∶1, w/w), 80 mg of HPMC K4M and 80 mg of carboxymethyl starch sodium, the microcrystalline cellulose is 168 mg. The results of in vitro release test showed that the self-made sustained-release tablets released slowly within 12 h, which conformed to the Ritger-Peppas model. The in vivo test results showed that compared with the commercial sirolimus tablets, the Cmax of the sustained-release tablets decreased by 49.47%, the Tmax of the sustained-release tablets was prolonged by 5.1 times, and the relative bioavailability was 105.81%. Sirolimus self-microemulsion-mesoporous silicon sustained-release tablets have good sustained-release effects in vitro and in vivo, which provides a reference for the solubilization of other insoluble drugs and the research and development of sustained-release preparations. Animal experiments and welfare processes were reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistics support Force.
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Objective: To investigate the application effect of augmented reality and mixed reality navigation technology in three-dimensional(3D) laparoscopic narrow right hepatectomy(LRH). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 5 patients with hepatic malignancy admitted to the First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University from September 2020 to June 2021,all of whom were males,aged from 42 to 74 years.Preoperative evaluation was performed using the self-developed 3D abdominal medical image visualization system; if all the 5 patients were to receive right hemihepatectomy,the remnant liver volume would be insufficient,so LRH were planned.During the operation,the independently developed 3D laparoscopic augmented reality and mixed reality surgical navigation system was used to perform real-time multi-modal image fusion and interaction between the preoperative 3D model and 3D laparoscopic scene.Meanwhile,intraoperative ultrasound assisted indocyanine green fluorescence was used to determine the surgical path.In this way,the LRH under the guidance of augmented reality and mixed reality navigation was completed.The predicted liver resection volume was evaluated before surgery,actual resected liver volume,surgical indicators and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results: All the 5 patients completed LRH under the guidance of augmented reality and mixed reality navigation technology,with no conversion to laparotomy.The median operative time was 300 minutes(range:270 to 360 minutes),no intraoperative blood transfusion was performed,and the median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days(range:7 to 9 days).There were no perioperative deaths,or postoperative complications such as liver failure,bleeding,or biliary fistula. Conclusion: For patients who need to undergo LRH,the use of augmented and mixed reality navigation technology can safely and effectively guide the implementation of surgery,retain more functional liver volume,improve surgical safety,and reduce postoperative complications.
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Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Augmented Reality , Hepatectomy/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Laparoscopy/methods , Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies , TechnologyABSTRACT
Purpose@#Emerging evidence has shown that SKP1-cullin-1-F-box-protein (SCF) E3 ligases contribute to the pathogenesis of different cancers by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of tumor suppressors. However, the functions of SCF E3 ligases in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain obscure. @*Materials and Methods@#The cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues from CRC patients were collected, and protein levels were analyzed. Lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and plasmid transfection were used to knock down and overexpress gene expression in CRC cell lines. Immunoprecipitation (IP), mass spectrometry, and co-IP analyses were used to determine protein interactions and the assembly of the SCF complex. Cell proliferation, migration, and tumor xenograft assays were performed to examine the effects of SCF members on CRC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. @*Results@#Hypoxia activated the docking of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) onto the CUL1 promoter and induced CUL1 expression in CRC cells. CUL1 coupled with RBX1, SKP1, and FBXL1 to assemble the SCFFBXL1 complex in CRC biopsies and cells. The SCFFBXL1 E3 ligase specifically ubiquitinated and degraded the MEN1 tumor suppressor. Knockdown of HIF1α or SCFFBXL1 members, or blockage of SCFFBXL1 by two inhibitors (DT204 and SZLP1-41) caused the accumulation of MEN1 protein and led to a significant decrease in cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. @*Conclusion@#The SCFFBXL1 E3 ligase is required for the ubiquitination of MEN1, and disruption of this complex may represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.
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Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of retrograde machine perfusion of kidneys from deceased donors.Methods:From January 1, 2020 to July 1, 24 renal transplant recipients underwent organ donation.All grafts were preserved by Kidney Transporter machines(LifePort). Through a random number table, they were divided into two groups of retrograde perfusion(RP group, 12 cases)and anterograde perfusion group(AP group, 12cases). The incidence of delayed recovery of kidney/graft function was compared between two groups.Results:During a follow-up period of 1 month, kidney resistance remained stable in RP group during perfusion.No primary non-function occurred in neither groups.No inter-group difference existed in the incidence of delayed graft function (3 in RP and 2 in AP, P=0.62). At all timepoints within 30 days, both groups had comparable values of urine output, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, cystatin c and blood urea nitrogen.RP group with a resistance index of <0.4 had numerically better kidney function than those with a resistance index of ≥0.4. Conclusions:This novel technique may be an effective and safe alternative for kidney preservation.
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Traumatic rib fractures are the most common injury in thoracic trauma. Previously，the patients with traumatic rib fractures were mostly treated non-surgically，of which 50%，especially those combined with flail chest presented chronic pain or chest wall deformities and over 30% had long-term disabilities，being unable to retain a full-time job. In the past two decades，thanks to the development of internal fixation material technology，the surgical treatment of rib fractures has achieved good outcomes. However，there are still some problems in clinical treatment，including inconsistency in surgical treatment and quality control in medical services. The current consensuses on the management of regional traumatic rib fractures published at home and abroad mainly focus on the guidance of the overall treatment decisions and plans，and relevant clinical guidelines abroad lacks progress in surgical treatment of rib fractures in recent years. Therefore，the Chinese Society of Traumatology affiliated to Chinese Medical Association and Chinese College of Trauma Surgeons affiliated to Chinese Medical Doctor Association，in conjunction with national multidisciplinary experts，formulate the Chinese Consensus for Surgical Treatment of Traumatic Rib Fractures（2021）following the principle of evidence-based medicine，scientific nature and practicality. This expert consensus puts forward some clear，applicable，and graded recommendations from aspects of preoperative imaging evaluation，surgical indications，timing of surgery，surgical methods，rib fracture sites for surgical fixation，internal fixation methods and material selections，treatment of combined injuries in rib fractures，in order to provide references for surgical treatment of traumatic rib fractures.
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Applying the effective teaching design to the teaching of Clinical Medicine Summary can improve the teaching quality of the course, the learning enthusiasm and effectiveness of non-clinical major students, so as to achieve the teaching purpose of the course. Practice has proved that optimizing the professional curriculum content, rationally using the information resources to mobilize students study initiative, improving teachers' own quality to improve teaching methods and means, changing the test standards and assessment methods and other effective teaching designs can significantly improve the teaching quality of the course, the students' learning motivation and learning effect, and achieve the teaching objectives.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the change of cervical curvature and range of motion (ROM) on imaging at 6 months after Hybrid surgery.@*METHODS@#A total of 29 patients with cervical degenerative disease who underwent Hybrid surgery from January 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Also, they all met the inclusion criteria and had complete preoperative and 6 months postoperative imaging data. There were 11 males and 18 females, aged from 34 to 76 (55.86±10.69) years, and the operation time was from 2 to 4(3.03±0.51) hours. The Cobb angle method was used to measure the changes of cervical curvature and ROM of C@*RESULTS@#There was no statistically significant difference in C@*CONCLUSION@#Hybrid surgery reconstructs the lordotic curvature of the entire cervical spine and the responsible segment, retains the ROM of the cervical replacement segment, and restores the biomechanical function of cervical spine.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Diskectomy , Range of Motion, Articular , Retrospective Studies , Spinal FusionABSTRACT
To investigate the effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction(GQD) on enzyme activity, gene expression and methylation level of fatty acid synthase(FASN) in adipose tissue from rats with insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet. The 60% fat-powered high-fat diet was continuously given to male SD rats to induce the insulin resistance model. Then, they were divided into five groups randomly and administrated by gavage every day for 16 weeks with following drugs respectively: 10 mL·kg~(-1)water for control group(C) and insulin resistance model control group(IR), 1.65 g·kg~(-1)GQD per day for low-dose group(GQDL), 4.95 g·kg~(-1)GQD per day for medium-dose group(GQDM), 14.85 g·kg~(-1)GQD per day for high-dose group(GQDH), and 5 mg·kg~(-1) rosiglitazone per day for rosiglitazone group(RGN). Epididymal adipose tissue was taken to determine enzyme activity of FASN by colorimetric method, mRNA expression level of Fasn by quantitative Real-time PCR(Q-PCR) and CpGs methylation level between +313 and +582 by bisulfite sequencing PCR(BSP). These results showed that Fasn expression was significantly lowered in IR model rats compared with the control rats(P<0.01). Enzymatic activity and CpGs methylation level of Fasn in IR group showed downward trends. Low and medium-dose GQD can increase enzyme activity of FASN(P<0.05). Moreover, low-dose GQD increased the total CpGs methylation level of Fasn fragment between +313 and +582 in insulin resistance rats(P<0.05). For GQDM group, the methylation frequency of CpGs at positions +506 and +508(P<0.01) as well as the methylation frequency of CpGs on the binding sites of transcription factorzinc finger protein 161(P<0.05) were significantly increased. The methylation frequency of CpG at +442 position was positively correlated with Fasn expression(P<0.01, r=0.735), and methylation frequencies of CpGs at +345 and +366 positions were positively associated to enzyme activity of FASN respectively(P<0.05, r=0.479; P<0.01, r=0.640). In conclusion, GQD can reverse enzyme activity of FASN and methylation level of Fasn in adipose tissue of insulin resistant rats, and CpG sites at positions +506 and +508 may be the targets of GQD. The methylation level of CpGs at + 345 and + 366 sites were possibly related to FASN activity, while methylation of CpG at + 442 site may be closely correlated with mRNA level of Fasn. In addition, GQD did not significantly change mRNA expression level of Fasn, but effectively reversed enzymatic activity, suggesting that GQD may regulate the post transcriptional expression of Fasn.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Adipose Tissue , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Fatty Acid Synthases/genetics , Gene Expression , Insulin Resistance/genetics , Methylation , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the practice of inquiry-group teaching mode based on common cases in cardiology to improve the comprehensive capability of medical students.Method:A total of 85 medical students in clinical probation from September 2016 to June 2018 were selected as subjects. According to different teaching modes, they were divided into the control group ( n=40) and the observation group ( n=45). The control group were educated by traditional teaching on related knowledge of cardiology, while the observation group were given inquiry-group teaching based on cases of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, hypertension and heart failure. The teaching effect of the two groups were analyzed by t test and chi-square test through SPSS 18.0. Results:The comprehensive application ability marks and total scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Moreover, in the aspect of teaching mode quantitative score (teaching satisfaction, expanding knowledge, innovation, memory, learning efficiency, access to literature and self-learning skills, communication and presentation skills, etc.), the observation group was significantly better than the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The case-based inquiry-group teaching mode is conducive to improve and cultivate the comprehensive application ability of medical students. It can be used as a good additive in traditional teaching mode.
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Objective:To explore the efficacy of a combination regimen by Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (FTC/TAF) for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia.Methods:We design the protocol as a real world study, which includes two groups: prospective intervention cohort (T1) and historical control group (T2). For the T1 group, ninety patients who are diagnosed as NCP will be enrolled. All patients in the T1 group will receive standard therapies following the recommendation in the Guidelines of National Commission of Health, and will be administered an anti-virus regimen including LPV/r and FTC/TAF. The T2 group will enroll patients who have received single regimen of LPV/r. The major outcome is the survival rate of patients. Secondary outcomes are the time of seroconversion of RNA, ARDS progression rate and length of hospital stay.Conclusions:The results of this real world study might provide clinical practitioners a high efficiency and fast antivirus regimen for novel coronavirus pneumonia patients. In addition, the conduction of this study will accelerate screening for other new effective therapeutic method.
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Objective:To explore the possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus 2019-nCov pneumonia by systematically review earlier coronavirus studies.Methods:Systematically retrieve relevant clinical studies from Chinese and English databases such as CNKI,VIP, Wangfang Data,CBM,PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE. In addition, information from Chinese biomedical journals, WHO, US CDC, Chinese CDC websites and the references from published relevant articles were retrieved. The inclusion period is from January 2003 to January 24, 2020. The criteria for inclusion are: (1) studies that aim to compare LPV/r and placebo/standard for SARS, MERS; (2) studies that include at least one clinical outcome; (3) studies with diagnosis criteria meeting WHO requirement on SARS or MERS; (4) data from multiple reports but originated from one study, where we extract information from all reports; (5) guidelines, includes: national or academic guidelines/experts 'consensus. The exclude criteria are: 1) only have abstracts but no full information; 2) in vitro studies. Two reviewers independently review articles and extract data on study design, patients, diagnosis criteria, regimen, and clinical outcomes (mortality, morbidity, quality of life, steroids dosage, chest image and adverse responses).Results:Two hundred and thirty potential article were found by screening, and narrow down to forty-four articles for evaluation and finally four studies were included. The results of included studies indicate the early use of LPV/r regimen can reduce the mortality of SARS and MERS, and reduce steroids dosing.Conclusions:ILPV/r can be used as a component of experimental regimen for treat 2019-nCoV pneumonia. It strongly suggests that initiating real world studies to explore the true clinical effects of LPV/r on 2019-nCoV patients.
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Objective@#To explore the efficacy of a combination regimen by Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (FTC/TAF) for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP).@*Methods@#We design the protocol as a real world study, which includes two groups: prospective intervention cohort (T1) and historical control group (T2). For T1 group, ninety patients will be enrolled who are diagnosed as NCP. All patients in T1 group will receive standard therapies following the recommendation in the guidelines of National Commission of Health, and they will be administered an anti-virus regimen includes LPV/r and FTC/TAF. The T2 group will enroll patients who have received single regimen includes LPV/r. The major outcome is the survival rate of patients. Secondary outcomes are the time of seroconversion of RNA, ARDS progression rate and length of hospital stay.@*Conclusions@#The results of this real world study might provide clinical practitioners a high efficiency and fast antivirus regimen for NCP. In addition, the conduction of this study will accelerate screening for other new effective therapeutic method.
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Objective@#To explore the possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus 2019-nCov pneumonia by systematically review earlier coronavirus studies.@*Methods@#Systematically retrieve relevant clinical studies from Chinese and English databases such as CNKI,VIP, Wangfang Data,CBM,PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE. In addition, information from Chinese bio-medical journals, WHO, US CDC, Chinese CDC websites and the references from published relevant articles were retrieved. The inclusion period is from January 2003 to January 24, 2020. The criteria for inclusion are: (1) studies that aim to compare LPV/r and placebo/standard for SARS, MERS; (2) studies that include at least one clinical outcome; (3) studies with diagnosis criteria meeting WHO requirement on SARS or MERS; (4) data from multiple reports but originated from one study, where we extract information from all reports; (5) guidelines, includes: national or academic guidelines/experts 'consensus. The exclude criteria are: 1) only have abstracts but no full information; 2) in vitro studies. Two reviewers independently review articles and extract data on study design, patients, diagnosis criteria, regimen, and clinical outcomes (mortality, morbidity, quality of life, steroids dosage, chest image and adverse responses).@*Results@#Two hundred and thirty potential article were found by screening, and narrow down to forty-four articles for evaluation and finally four studies were included. The results of included studies indicate the early use of LPV/r regimen can reduce the mortality of SARS and MERS, and reduce steroids dosing.@*Conclusions@#ILPV/r can be used as a component of experimental regimen for treat 2019-nCoV pneumonia. It strongly suggests that initiating real world studies to explore the true clinical effects of LPV/r on 2019-nCoV patients.
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Objective@#To explore the possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus 2019-nCov pneumonia by systematically review earlier coronavirus studies.@*Methods @#Systematically retrieve relevant clinical studies from Chinese and English databases such as CNKI,VIP,Wangfang Data,CBM,PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE. In addition, information from Chinese biomedical journals, WHO, US CDC, Chinese CDC websites and the references from published relevant articles were retrieved. The inclusion period is from January 2003 to January 24, 2020. The criteria for inclusion are:(1) studies that aim to compare LPV/r and placebo/standard for SARS, MERS; (2) studies that include at least one clinical outcome; (3) studies with diagnosis criteria meeting WHO requirement on SARS or MERS; (4)data from multiple reports but originated from one study, where we extract information from all reports; (5)guidelines, includes: national or academic guidelines/experts ‘consensus. The exclude criteria are: 1) only have abstracts but no full information; 2) in vitro studies. Two reviewers independently review articles and extract data on study design, patients, diagnosis criteria, regimen, and clinical outcomes (mortality, morbidity, quality of life, steroids dosage, chest image and adverse responses). @*Results@#Two hundred and thirty potential article were found by screening, and narrow down to forty-four articles for evaluation and fnally four studies were included. The results of included studies indicate the early use of LPV/r regimen can reduce the mortality of SARS and MERS, and reduce steroids dosing. @*Conclusions@#ILPV/r can be used as a component of experimental regimen for treat 2019-nCoV pneumonia. It strongly suggests that initiating real world studies to explore the true clinical effects of LPV/r on 2019-nCoV patients.
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Objective To investigate the health literacy level and health related behavior of high school students in Xuhui District of Shanghai, and to provide basis for health literacy intervention. Methods Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the quantitative part adopted the multi-stage stratified sampling method.A total of 355 aged 15-18 from senior high schools in Xuhui District were selected for face-to-face survey.The qualitative part adopted the form of group interviews, and 20 students from two senior high schools in Xuhui District were selected for interviews. Results The health literacy level of high school students in Xuhui District was 27.32%, which was lower than that of adults in the same period.Among the three dimensions, the level of basic knowledge and concept literacy was the highest, followed by the level of health basic skills literacy, the level of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy was the lowest; among the six types of health problems, the level of infectious disease prevention literacy and basic medical literacy was at a low level.Statistical analysis of the correct answer rate showed that the answer rate of various questions in the health literacy survey was quite different.Further analysis of the health-related behavioral characteristics of high school students showed that most students had correct health concept and awareness of health change, but they encountered resistance in the process of knowledge transformation into action, which mainly came from academic burden, school education, peer influence and so on.The main channels for high school students to obtain health-related information were classroom, parents, school and various media.They had a high degree of trust in medical professionals and encountered difficulties in seeking health information. Conclusion The health literacy level of senior high school students in Xuhui District of Shanghai needs to be improved.We should explore a health intervention model more suitable for the behavioral characteristics of this group weak links in their health literacy.
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@#AIM: To explore the influence factors of the mid-long-term postoperative eye position of patients with intermittent exotropia(IXT).<p>METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 78 patients with intermittent exotropia admitted to the ophthalmology department of our hospital during 2017-01/2018-08. Data of patients with strabismus type,operation age, preoperative binocular vision function and the eye position of preoperative and postoperative day one were collected, to explore the influence factors of the mid-long-term postoperative eye position.<p>RESULTS: The result display that 47 cases(60%)had positive eye position in the mid-long-term after operation. There were 43 cases of insufficient collection type, 18 cases(42%)cured in eye position. The operation was successful in 26 of the 31 cases(84%)of basic type; 3 of 4(75%)divergence excess type were successful after operation. The results of univariate analysis showed that the difference of strabismus type and preoperative eye position between the two groups was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that type of strabismus(<i>OR</i>: 5.769, 95% <i>CI</i>: 1.790-18.595), was independent influencing factors of the eyes position in the mid-long-term after operation(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION:The strabismus type was independent predictors of the eyes position in the mid-long-term after operation, which should be paid more attention in clinical practice.
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Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.
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Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.
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Gas chromatography (GC) is mainly used to detect the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but with the deepening of research,the drawbacks of GC have become more and more obvious in the fields of food,chemical engineering and clinical application. The analysis on existing research results showed that ultra performance convergence chromatography (UPC2) was appropriate for the analysis of lipid metabolism. The UPC2 is a new kind of chromatographic separation technology developed in recent five years and the level of SCFAs is associated with the research on multiple diseases. Therefore,application of UPC2 in the detection of SCFAs would be helpful for the scholars at home and abroad to carry out deeper researches,and also helpful to guide the treatment for various metabolic disorders. In this paper,the researches on SCFAs in recent ten years were reviewed; the shortcomings of GC and liquid chromatography (LC) in the detection of SCFAs were reviewed; the development process,basic characteristics and research status of UPC2 at home and abroad were introduced; feasibility and innovation of UPC2 in the detection of SCFAs were summarized. Pretreatment methods for UPC2 application to the detection of SCFAs in feces or serum were collected; the problems that should be noticed during the process of sample pretreatment were pointed out; meanwhile, an research outlook on methodology of UPC2 application in the detection of SCFAs was conducted. The effects of extracting solvent,mobile phase,and auxiliaryt solvent on chromatographic behavior as well as the physicochemical property, type and choice of UPC2 chromatographic column were mainly discussed in this paper. In addition, the choices of basic modifier,acid modifier,and salinity modifier were briefly outlined, in order to provide efficient,simple,environmental,and economic detection technologies for the research on SCFAs, and provide better reference solutions for the rapid detection of massive clinical samples.